Extension offices across the state get questions on all kinds of different subjects. As an agriculture and natural resources agent, I joke that I’m helpful for keeping desirable things alive (plants, livestock, etc) and at getting rid of undesirable things (weeds, pests, etc). A common topic of interest I get asked about regularly is fruit production. If you’re interested in having some fruit trees, lets chat about some things you might want to consider.
First, you need to decide what types of fruits you want to grow- usually, if there aren’t many folks growing a specific fruit, there’s a reason for that! In our region with good management, you can grow figs, pomegranates, plums, pears, peaches, apples, and persimmons. Within each of these types of fruit trees, there are many different cultivars and varieties you can purchase. For homeowners, be sure to look for varieties that have resistance to disease and pest damage and are recommended for our region. When selecting species and varieties, consider the pollination requirements of each type of fruit tree. Many trees require multiple varieties in order to have the best pollination and fruit crop. Be sure that the varieties you plant are a good match to the pollination needs of a fruit by asking your nursery or supplier for assistance.
Next, like any plant, you have got to select a good site and soil test. Site selection means picking a part of your property that is appropriate for the fruit tree. Things to consider include availability of irrigation, level of sun/shade, pollinator availability, and soil quality. Soil testing is an inexpensive way to make sure that the site you want to plant fruit trees in is appropriate in terms of pH and soil fertility and to give your plants the best shot at successful growth. If you do not soil test, your tree may have delayed growth and production, or just not survive at all. Depending on how you receive your fruit trees, there are different guidelines on proper planting, so be sure to do some research and follow the appropriate methods for your new trees.
Fruit production in the southeast can be difficult due to our heat and humidity, which cause a lot of disease and pest issues. Do your best to be proactive and knowledgeable about common diseases and pests as well as guidelines for treating them. Proactive responses are always more effective than reactive treatment and can help you be successful in fruit production. Also, don’t forget thieves that might be interested in your fruit-I have had many calls about preventing losses wildlife like deer, squirrels, and birds- so have a plan in place for protecting your harvest!
Fruit trees take a long time to produce, but caring for young trees with proper pruning, fertilization, and pest management is critical. Be sure to follow the stated recommendations for your fruit species throughout the growing process. Once your trees are in production, pest and disease management is absolutely critical! Many a fruit tree has been planted that has not actually produced fruit- and the reason is almost always thievery, disease, or insect damage. For specific information on producing fruit trees, check out the “Home Garden _______” series available through the UGA Publications website (https://extension.uga.edu/publications.html). Simply search “Home Garden” and publications on how to grow each of the fruit trees I mentioned will pop up. You can find all of the information you need to get started in fruit trees, from variety recommendations, site selection and planting, tree care (fertilization, pruning, pest management), and harvesting guidelines. Should you need help accessing these resources, please let me know at uge3181@uga.edu or by calling 706-359-3233.
