It seems that every time I write a drought article, rain is forecast within the next few days. Unfortunately, we are in such a significant rainfall deficit that even one to three inches of rain is not enough to improve conditions. As of 5/21/26, more than 78.73% of Georgia is experiencing extreme drought, and we do not expect meaningful improvement anytime soon. As temperatures continue to rise, plants will experience even greater stress, so it is important to understand what is happening in the landscape and how to help plants survive.
Water is essential for plant growth and survival. Healthy plants rely on the movement of water from the soil through the roots and into the leaves, where it evaporates through transpiration as part of the photosynthesis process. During drought, this system begins to fail. In the early stages, plants may show symptoms such as curling, scorching, wilting, yellowing, or dropping leaves entirely. As leaves are lost, plant growth slows or stops. If dry conditions continue, plants may begin to show dieback, with branch tips turning dry and brown. High temperatures further intensify drought stress, while dry soils can cause roots to die back as well, leading to long-term health problems. Over time, drought-stressed plants become weakened and more vulnerable to diseases and insect damage. Recovery depends on the severity of the damage, available moisture, temperatures, and the plant’s stored energy reserves.
There are several things homeowners can do to help plants cope during drought conditions. First, avoid planting new material, fertilizing, pruning, or encouraging new growth, as these activities place additional stress on plants. Apply mulch around trees, shrubs, and garden plants to help conserve soil moisture, moderate soil temperatures, and reduce weed competition. Remove weeds and grass growing around landscape plants, since they compete for limited water. Turfgrass should be allowed to go dormant rather than trying to maintain a green lawn through heavy irrigation.
If supplemental irrigation is necessary, water deeply and less frequently rather than applying small amounts every day. Watering early in the morning helps reduce evaporation losses and allows moisture to soak into the soil more effectively. Herbicides and fertilizers should be avoided until drought conditions improve. Homeowners may also want to prioritize favorite or high-value plants instead of trying to keep every plant watered during extended dry periods. Raising mowing heights, or avoiding mowing altogether during severe drought stress, can also help protect lawns.
Once drought conditions improve, take time to evaluate your landscape carefully. Some plants may not survive prolonged drought, while others may recover with time and proper care. A simple scratch test can help determine whether a plant is still alive. Lightly scratch the bark near the base of the plant; if the tissue underneath is green and moist, the plant is still living. Brown, brittle tissue usually indicates the plant is dead. Keep in mind that many plants naturally defoliate during drought as a survival mechanism, and leaf loss alone is not always fatal. Give plants a full growing season to recover and watch for signs of new growth before deciding to remove them. Once recovery begins, prune out dead branches and continue monitoring for disease or insect problems during the following growing season.
If you have questions about drought stress or plant problems in your landscape, Extension is here to help. Contact the Lincoln County office at uge3181@uga.edu or 706-359-323
