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Whether you’re a seasoned composter or just starting out, fall is the perfect time to build a nutrient-rich pile from your garden cleanup. In Fall specifically, you are probably cleaning up your gardens from summer.

Browns (carbon-rich) provide structure and absorb excess moisture.

  • Fallen Leaves—leaves are great to leave in yard, but if you have a ton, add some to compost.
  • Shredded paper or cardboard
  • Dry, spent stalks like corn stalks.
  • Wood chips

Greens (nitrogen-rich) add nutrients and help the pile heat up.

  • Vegetable and fruit scraps (peels, cores, and even rotten pieces are fine)
  • Coffee grounds and tea bags
  • Grass Clippings (add in thin layers)
  • Healthy, non-diseased annuals from garden beds

Important Tips for fall composting:

Avoid diseased plants: Do not add plants that have disease or pest problems, as they can survive in the compost pile.

Shred Materials: Breaking down leaves and other large materials will speed up the decomposition process.

Layer carefully:  Alternate layers of “brown” and “green” materials to prevent the pile from matting.  Aim for a good balance, especially when adding large amounts of leaves.

Keep it Moist: The pile should be damp like a wrung-out sponge, but not waterlogged, especially with rain.

Cover Your pile: Protect your compost from the elements to keep it at the right moisture level and deter pests.

Insulate for winter: If your compost pile is exposed to cold, use a layer of leaves or straw on top to help insulate it and keep the microbes active.

With these fall-friendly additions and tips, you’ll set yourself up for rich, crumbly compost to use in spring.

The author of this article, Jeanette Huntington is a Paulding UGA Extension Master Gardener, trained to provide education for homeowners on horticulture, sustainable landscaping, and environmentally friendly gardening practices using unbiased, research-based information from the University of Georgia.  For more information, contact Paulding County UGA Extension at 770-443-7616 or view our online resources at www.ugaextension.org/paulding.