Now is an appropriate time to prune summer-flowering trees and shrubs, but you should take care to make sure you do it right. Especially in the case of trees, pruning should generally be done to enhance their natural shape while correcting any problems.
One of these trees, the crape myrtle, is one of the most abused trees in Georgia’s residential and commercial landscapes. Crape myrtles need occasional pruning to obtain the desired landscape effect, but many times these plants are butchered for no good reason.
Example of Crepe Murder!
An unfortunate trend in crape myrtle pruning is to “lop off the tops,” which results in a crew-cut appearance. The lush growth that occurs at these cut sites appears vigorous but is actually structurally weak and is more susceptible to fungus diseases such as powdery mildew. Worse yet, when pruning is conducted improperly over several seasons, unsightly large, swollen knobs form at the point where pruning is done each year.
No other small flowering tree in Georgia landscapes is treated this way. Why should we do it to crape myrtles?
The method of cutting back the main branches of a tree to the same spot every year is called pollarding. This pruning method is used on some types of trees in certain situations and tends to be more common in Europe than America.
A gardener should understand, however, that the life of a crape myrtle is shortened, and the natural beauty of the tree is destroyed by this pruning technique. If gardeners understand this and still decide pollarding creates the appearance they desire for their trees, well, that’s their choice.
But I often encounter gardeners who think they are supposed to prune their crape myrtles that way. Nothing could be further from the truth. For the overwhelming majority of us, enhancing the natural shape of our crape myrtles is most appropriate.
Some gardeners have been told that crape myrtles need to be pruned that way to bloom well. This is not accurate. The flower clusters may be larger on pollarded trees. But the added weight on the ends of long branches causes them to bend over awkwardly, especially after it rains. And since the tree is smaller, there are actually fewer flower clusters produced.
Sometimes crape myrtles are pruned improperly to create a different shape. A wide variety of crape myrtle cultivars are available today. Some grow tall and upright like a vase, while others are shorter and spreading, more like a mushroom. You cannot make an upright growing crape myrtle grow in the shape of a mushroom by cutting it back. The new growth will simply grow upright again over time. So if you want a crape myrtle that will mature the shape you desire, make sure you choose a variety that naturally grows that way.
I understand why people cut back crape myrtles that are too large for the location where they were planted. This is fairly commonly seen in crape myrtles planted close to a house. Instead of choosing a smaller growing cultivar that would be appropriate, a larger type is planted and then it begins to grow into the gutter and roof. To salvage the situation, people often begin cutting their trees back. To be effective, this has to be done every year, and again, it ruins the natural beauty of the tree. This is added work that could have been avoided by planting a smaller-growing crape myrtle.
For instance, if you want a white flowering crape myrtle planted at the corner of your house, it would be more appropriate to select ‘Acoma,’ which matures at 10 feet to 12 feet, rather than ‘Natchez,’ which matures at 25 feet to 30 feet.
To prune a crape myrtle properly, first decide if it needs to be pruned. As with any pruning project, you must have a specific purpose in mind before you begin. If you can’t come up with a good reason to prune your tree, leave it alone. If you do see something that calls for pruning, study the tree carefully and determine what needs to be pruned to accomplish the specific purpose you’ve identified.
Examples of appropriate reasons for pruning include eliminating crossed and rubbing branches, removing branches low, removing weak, thin branches from the inner part of the tree, trimming off old seed pods, creating a shapelier tree and keeping suckers removed from the base of the trunk. Avoid cutting back or shortening branches larger than your finger, although cutting larger branches back to a side branch or to the trunk, when needed, is fine.
With its smooth, muscular trunks, peeling bark, filigree of leafless branches in the winter and exceptionally long blooming season in summer, the crape myrtle is rightfully popular here. Make sure you keep yours looking its best.
