{"id":75,"date":"2018-04-19T09:02:55","date_gmt":"2018-04-19T13:02:55","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/site.extension.uga.edu\/benhillcoag\/?p=75"},"modified":"2018-04-19T09:02:55","modified_gmt":"2018-04-19T13:02:55","slug":"checklist-for-early-season-disease-control-in-peanuts","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/site.extension.uga.edu\/benhillcoag\/2018\/04\/checklist-for-early-season-disease-control-in-peanuts\/","title":{"rendered":"Checklist for Early-Season Disease Control in Peanuts"},"content":{"rendered":"

Checklist for Early-Season Disease Control<\/strong>
\nBob Kemerait<\/strong><\/p>\n

Disease and nematode management is a critical component of successful peanut
\nproduction; the foundation for achieving success is established even as the seed is closed in
\nthe furrow. Within the next month, the 2018 peanut season will have begun in earnest. In
\nfact, some peanuts will be planted within the next two weeks.<\/p>\n

Management of diseases in our row crops differs significantly from management of insects
\nand weeds in at least one aspect. When managing insects, we talk about \u201cthresholds\u201d.
\nWhen managing weeds, we talk about getting herbicides on them when they are \u201ctwo inches
\nor smaller\u201d. When we talk about diseases, we talk about \u201cpreventative applications\u201d.
\nDiseases become increasingly difficult to control once infection has occurred and a disease
\nis established in a crop. Therefore, \u201cbest management practices\u201d often focus on initiating
\nmanagement programs prior to infection and early in the season. Sometimes referred to as
\n\u201cThe First 40 days,\u201d the time just prior to planting, at the time of, and for the next few weeks
\nafter planting constitute a critical period for the start of disease and nematode management.
\nAdditionally, some \u201cwindows of opportunity\u201d for disease and nematode control are only open
\nearly in the season; if missed, the opportunity does not come again.<\/p>\n

The degree of urgency for deployment of specific tactics for management of diseases and
\nnematodes early in the season is largely dependent on three factors. Poor crop rotation
\nincreases populations of pathogens and nematodes in the soil and crop residue. Weather
\nfavorable for disease can make the crop more susceptible to damage and loss. Colder and
\nwetter soils within the first 40 days slow the germination and development of the peanut
\nseedlings and increase risk to Rhizoctonia seedling blight and Cylindrocladium black rot.
\nHot and dry soils at planting can damage the tender seedling leading to increased severity
\nof Aspergillus crown rot; warmer soils can also lead to early outbreaks of stem rot (white
\nmold). Planting more-susceptible, less-resistant varieties increases risk for diseases like
\ntomato spotted wilt, leaf spot, and root-knot nematodes. Planting varieties with greater
\nresistance reduces the risk to damage.<\/p>\n

Below is a \u201cchecklist\u201d of options and opportunities for establishing strong disease and
\nnematode control for the early part of the season and for laying a foundation that helps to
\ninsure successful control throughout the season. Again the urgency of the deployment of
\nspecific tactics, or combinations of tactics, is based upon the risk to diseases and
\nnematodes in a field.<\/p>\n

Prior to Planting
\n1. Use Peanut Rx 2018 to assess risk to tomato spotted wilt, white mold and leaf spot in a
\nfield and to develop a plan to reduce the risk, where possible.<\/p>\n

2. Carefully consider varieties that are available with increased disease and nematode
\nresistance and where planting them may be beneficial.<\/p>\n

3. Consider what fungicides and nematicides may be needed during the season and insure
\nthe availability of the products. Also, consider what products are likely to provide the
\nmost effective control of diseases and nematodes and if they should be incorporated into
\nyour program.<\/p>\n

4. Plan to incorporate debris from a previous crop that could harbor disease-causingpathogens
\nas early as possible so that it can break down\/rot.<\/p>\n

5. Where Telone II is to be used, insure that sufficient time is allowed between application
\nand planting to avoid issues with phytoxicity. Also, insure that soil conditions
\n(temperature and moisture) are appropriate at time of fumigation.<\/p>\n

At Planting<\/strong>
\n1. Consider conditions at planting (temperature, moisture, weather forecast) to insure that
\nseeds will germinate rapidly and uniformly and with subsequent vigorous growth to
\nreduce risk to disease losses.<\/p>\n

2. To the best of your ability, insure that seed is of high quality with good germination.<\/p>\n

3. Insure that seed has been thoroughly treated with a fungicide seed treatment.<\/p>\n

4. Consider the need\/potential benefits for use of an in-furrow fungicide to supplement the
\nseed treatment and to offer further protection for disease like Rhizoctonia seedling blight
\nand Aspergillus crown rot. In-furrow fungicides are also used as management tools for
\nCylindrocladium black rot and early-season white mold.<\/p>\n

5. Assess need for use of a nematicide such as Velum Total or AgLogic 15G. If a rootknot-nematode-variety
\nhas not been planted and Telone II not used, then growers may
\nwant to consider these other products. Both Velum Total and AgLogic 15G are effective
\nin managing nematodes and in controlling thrips. Velum Total also helps to manage
\nseedling diseases as well.<\/p>\n

6. Thimet 20G is not the only product that is effective in the management of early season
\nthrips on peanut, but it is the only product that reduces risk to tomato spotted wilt. Use
\nof Thimet 20G is one way growers can reduce their overall risk to this disease.<\/p>\n

After Planting<\/strong><\/p>\n

1. Use of irrigation to cool soils may help to reduce threat from Aspergillus crown rot, a
\nseedling disease, when dry weather and high temperatures affect the early season.<\/p>\n

2. Banded applications of Proline over the peanut rows from 3-5 weeks after planting can
\nhelp to reduce losses from early season white mold.<\/p>\n

3. Growers can also initiate early-season white mold control with broadcast applications of
\ntebuconazole + chlorothalonil approximately 45 days after planting, or Elatus at
\napproximately 30 days after planting. Depending on the rate, Priaxor at 40-45 days after
\nplanting may also help in early season white mold control.<\/p>\n

4. Growers should begin their leaf spot program within 45 days after planting.
\nThe first part of the season is a critical time for the management of diseases and
\nnematodes. Growers should take special care to take advantage of the opportunities and
\ntactics available; successful management early often has impact season long. Failure to
\nmanage diseases and nematodes early in the season certainly will have season-long
\nimplications.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Checklist for Early-Season Disease Control Bob Kemerait Disease and nematode management is a critical component of successful peanut production; the foundation for achieving success is established even as the seed is closed in the furrow. Within the next month, the 2018 peanut season will have begun in earnest. In fact, some peanuts will be planted […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":234,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[23,15],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-75","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-disease","category-peanuts"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/site.extension.uga.edu\/benhillcoag\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/75","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/site.extension.uga.edu\/benhillcoag\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/site.extension.uga.edu\/benhillcoag\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/site.extension.uga.edu\/benhillcoag\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/234"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/site.extension.uga.edu\/benhillcoag\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=75"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/site.extension.uga.edu\/benhillcoag\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/75\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":76,"href":"https:\/\/site.extension.uga.edu\/benhillcoag\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/75\/revisions\/76"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/site.extension.uga.edu\/benhillcoag\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=75"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/site.extension.uga.edu\/benhillcoag\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=75"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/site.extension.uga.edu\/benhillcoag\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=75"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}