![\"image\"](\"https:\/\/site.extension.uga.edu\/applingcrop\/files\/2015\/02\/image32.jpg\")
<\/a><\/p>\nHerbaceous weed control (HWC) during the spring following planting longleaf can be critical to growth and survival on old-field, pasture, hayfield, and cut-over sites, particularly in droughty years.<\/p>\n
\u2666\u00a0\u00a0 HWC can increase percentage of seedlings out of the grass stage by the 2nd<\/sup> year.<\/p>\n \u2666\u00a0\u00a0 A four to six foot wide band is often as effective as a broadcast treatment.<\/p>\n \u2666\u00a0\u00a0 Wait at least 2 months and with 1 to 2 inches of new feeder root growth from 2 to 3 or more lateral roots to spray herbicides over-the-top of longleaf after planting.<\/p>\n HERBICIDES FOR CONTROL OF BROADLEAF WEEDS AND GRASSES<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n (all treatments applied over-the-top of pines unless noted otherwise)<\/p>\n \u00a0<\/strong>ARSENAL\u00ae <\/strong>(BASF; 53% imazapyr; 4 lb per gal)<\/p>\n \u2666\u00a0\u00a0 Very effective on perennial grasses, including difficult to control species like<\/p>\n \u2666\u00a0\u00a0 Bermudagrass, seedling Johnsongrass and Panicums<\/p>\n \u2666\u00a0\u00a0 Weak on broadleaf weeds in the composite group (see Oust XP\u00ae) <\/strong>and legumes<\/p>\n \u2666\u00a0\u00a0 Effective on established weeds<\/p>\n Apply 4 \u2013 6 fluid oz product per acre<\/span><\/p>\n \u2666\u00a0\u00a0 Do not add surfactant<\/p>\n \u2666\u00a0\u00a0 Optimum timing:\u00a0 Early post to post emergence of weeds (April – May)<\/p>\n \u2666\u00a0\u00a0 Grass and broadleaf weed control including, but not limited to: bahiagrass, barnyardgrass, bluegrass (annual, Kentucky), Bermudagrass, crabgrass, fescue, foxtail, Italian ryegrass, Johnsongrass, lovegrass, panicum (fall), sandbur, smooth brome, wild barley, wild oats, witchgrass, camphorweed, carpetweed, chickweed, clovers, cocklebur, dandelion, dogfennel, horseweed, goldenrod, knotweed, lambsquarters, milkweed, ragweed (common, giant), pepperweed, pigweed, plantain, pokeweed, purslane, pusley (Florida), shepard\u2019s purse, stinging nettle, sowthistle, annual spurge, sunflower, tansymustard, wild carrot, wild parsnip, wild turnip<\/p>\n OUST\u00ae XP\u00ae <\/strong>(DuPont; 75 % sulfometuron methyl)<\/p>\n \u2666\u00a0\u00a0 Very effect on a broad spectrum of broadleaf weeds, including composites<\/p>\n \u2666\u00a0\u00a0 Weak on perennial grass including Bermudagrass, broomsedge, and some Panicums (see Arsenal AC\u00ae)<\/strong><\/p>\n \u2666\u00a0\u00a0 1st<\/sup> Year plantings:<\/span> apply 2-4 oz Oust\u00a0 product per acre<\/span><\/p>\n \u2666\u00a0\u00a0 Optimum timing: Pre-emergence (March-April)<\/p>\n \u2666\u00a0\u00a0 Do not use Oust when soil pH > 6.2<\/p>\n \u2666\u00a0\u00a0 Grass & broadleaf control including, but not limited to: chickweed, crabgrass, dogfennel, fescue, fireweed (willowweed), goldenrod, horseweed, Kentucky bluegrass, nutsedge (yellow), Panicum (broadleaf), pokeweed, ragweed, shepherd\u2019s purse, white snakeroot, yellow sweetclover, annual bluegrass, barnyardgrass, foxtail barley, foxtail fescue, Italian ryegrass, jointed goatgrass, bromes (red, ripgut), reed canarygrass, signalgrass, yellow foxtail, mustard, pepperweed, pigweed, sunflower, vetch, wild carrot, wild oats<\/p>\n OUST XP<\/strong> (DuPont; 75% sulfometuron methyl) + VELPAR L\u00ae<\/strong> (DuPont; 25% hexazinone)<\/p>\n \u2666\u00a0\u00a0 Broad spectrum weed control of broadleaf weeds and most grasses, weak on Bermudagrass and broomsedge<\/p>\n \u2666\u00a0\u00a0 Hexazinone may cause pine seedling mortality on sandy sites and on sites with low organic matter (old-field sites), ensure proper calibration and follow label directions regarding appropriate rates for various soil types<\/p>\n \u2666\u00a0\u00a0 Do not use Oust when soil pH > 6.2<\/p>\n \u2666\u00a0\u00a0 Apply\u00a0 2-4 oz Oust product + VELPAR L 2 – 3 pints (or Velpar DF 10 \u2013 16 oz product) per acre depending on soil texture (see product label)<\/span><\/p>\n \u2666\u00a0\u00a0 Optimum timing: Pre to early post emergence of weeds (March – early May)<\/p>\n \u2666\u00a0\u00a0 Use low rate of Oust + Velpar L or Velpar DF on coarse textured (sand, loamy sand, and sandy loam) soils and where soils are low in organic matter (see label)<\/p>\n \u2666\u00a0\u00a0 Grass & broadleaf control including, but not limited to: chickweed, crabgrass, dogfennel, fescue, fireweed (willowweed), goldenrod, horseweed, Kentucky bluegrass, nutsedge (yellow), Panicum (broadleaf), pokeweed, ragweed, shepherd\u2019s purse, white snakeroot, yellow sweetclover. annual bluegrass, barnyardgrass, foxtail barley, foxtail fescue, Italian ryegrass, jointed goatgrass, bromes (red, ripgut), reed canarygrass, signalgrass, yellow foxtail, mustard, pepperweed, pigweed, sunflower, vetch, wild carrot, wild oats, asters, brackenfern, fleabane<\/p>\n OUSTAR\u00ae <\/strong>\u00a0(DuPont; 11.8% sulfometuron methyl and 63.2% hexazinone)<\/p>\n \u2666\u00a0\u00a0 Similar to Oust XP + Velpar products as above, but in a packaged mixture<\/p>\n \u2666\u00a0\u00a0 The ratio of active ingredients is set; hexazinone rate tend to be too high on sandy and low soil organic matter sites<\/p>\n \u2666\u00a0\u00a0 1st<\/sup> Year<\/span> weed control application product rates per acre:<\/p>\n 10-12 oz Course textured soils (sand, loamy sand, sandy loam)<\/span><\/p>\n 12-16 oz Medium textured soils (loam, sandy clay loam, silt loam)<\/span><\/p>\n 16-19 oz Fine textured soils (clay loam, sandy clay, silty clay loam, silty clay)<\/span><\/p>\n \u2666\u00a0\u00a0 After 1st<\/sup> year<\/span> weed control application product rates per acre:<\/p>\n 12-16 oz Course textured soils<\/span><\/p>\n 16-19 oz Medium textured soils<\/span><\/p>\n 18-24 oz Fine textured soils<\/span><\/p>\n \u2666\u00a0\u00a0 Do not use Oustar when soil pH > 6.2<\/p>\n \u2666\u00a0\u00a0 Optimum timing: Pre to early post emergence (March – early May)<\/p>\n \u2666\u00a0\u00a0 Grass & broadleaf control including, but not limited to: chickweed, crabgrass, dogfennel, fescue, fireweed (willowweed), goldenrod, horseweed, Kentucky bluegrass, nutsedge (yellow), Panicum (broadleaf), pokeweed, ragweed, shepherd\u2019s purse, white snakeroot, yellow sweetclover<\/p>\n VELPAR DF<\/strong> (DuPont; 75% hexazinone)<\/p>\n \u2666\u00a0\u00a0 May cause mortality where excessive rates are applied on sandy soils and\/or soils with low organic matter, ensure proper sprayer calibration to apply precise herbicide rate per acre, following label recommendations regarding specific herbicide rates for various soil types<\/p>\n \u2666\u00a0\u00a0 1st<\/sup> Year<\/span> weed control application product rates per acre (the same amounts can be applied in years 2, 3, and 4):<\/p>\n 1 1\/3 lb Course textured soils (loamy sand, sandy loam)<\/span><\/p>\n 1 1\/3 \u2013 1 \u00bd lb Medium textured soils (loam, sandy clay loam, silt, silt loam)<\/span><\/p>\n 1 \u00bd – 1 4\/5 lb Fine textured soils (sandy clay, silty clay loam, silty clay, clay, clay loam)<\/span><\/p>\n \u2666\u00a0\u00a0 Weed control application product rates per acre for established trees (\u2265 4-yrs-old):<\/p>\n 1 1\/3 \u2013 1 2\/3 lb Course textured soils<\/span><\/p>\n 1 2\/3 \u2013 2 1\/3 lb Medium textured soils<\/span><\/p>\n 2 1\/3 \u2013 2 2\/3 lb Fine textured soils<\/span><\/p>\n \u2666\u00a0\u00a0 Optimum timing: Pre to early post emergence (March \u2013 early May)<\/p>\n \u2666\u00a0\u00a0 Grass & broadleaf control including, but not limited to: Asters, barnyardgrass, annual bluegrass, brackenfern, bromegrass, fleabane, foxtail, horseweed, ragweed, ryegrass<\/p>\n VELPAR L<\/strong> (DuPont; 25% Hexazinone)<\/p>\n \u2666\u00a0\u00a0 May cause mortality where excessive rates are applied on sandy soils and\/or soils with low organic matter, ensure proper sprayer calibration to apply precise herbicide rate per acre, following label recommendations regarding specific herbicide rates for various soil types<\/p>\n \u2666\u00a0\u00a0 1st<\/sup> Year<\/span> weed control application product rates per acre (the same amounts can be applied in years 2, 3, and 4):<\/p>\n 21 to 32 oz Course textured soils (loamy sand, sandy loam)<\/span><\/p>\n 24 to 40 oz Medium textured soils (loam, sandy clay loam, silt, silt loam)<\/span><\/p>\n 28 to 48 oz Fine textured soils (clay, clay loam, sandy clay, silty clay loam, silty clay)<\/span><\/p>\n \u2666\u00a0\u00a0 After 4th<\/sup> year<\/span> weed control application product rates per acre:<\/p>\n 21 to 40 oz Course textured soils<\/p>\n 28 to 56 oz Medium textured soils<\/p>\n 36 to 64 oz Fine textured soils<\/p>\n \u2666\u00a0\u00a0 Optimum timing: Pre to early post emergence (March – early May)<\/p>\n \u2666\u00a0\u00a0 Grass & broadleaf control including, but not limited to: Asters, barnyardgrass, annual bluegrass, brackenfern, bromegrass, fleabane, foxtail, horseweed, ragweed ryegrass<\/p>\n Also consider<\/span>:<\/p>\n (1) The herbicide purchaser and applicator need to look closely at the herbicide label to make sure that the herbicide product used is: (a) labeled for the particular use site (e.g. \u201cfor use in forest sites\u201d, \u201cfor use in conifer plantations\u201d, etc.) (b) labeled for the pine crop species (or genus in some cases), and (c) labeled for the particular application (\u201cherbaceous weed control in pine plantations\u201d, \u201c herbaceous release\u201d, etc.).\u00a0 Herbicide products, even those with the same trade name (such as \u201cRoundup\u201d), \u00a0may have different amounts of the active ingredient per gallon, so always follow the rates specified on the label of the particular container being used.<\/p>\n (2) \u00a0Remember rates are per acre treated. \u00a0Here are two examples of calculating the herbicide needed for a banded herbicide application using 10 oz Oustar product per acre treated, assuming 12 feet between the rows:\u00a0 (a) spraying a 4 foot wide band, 10 oz Oustar will take care of 3 acres total land area. \u00a0In effect, one acre is banded and two acres are untreated, so herbicide is applied to one-third of the area. \u00a0A total of 400 oz (25 lbs) of Oustar would be needed for a 120 acre field where one-third the area is treated in bands. \u00a0\u00a0(b) When spraying a 6 foot wide band on rows 12 feet apart, 10 oz Oustar will take care of 2 acres total land area.\u00a0 One acre is banded and one acre is untreated, so herbicide is applied to half the area. \u00a0A total of 600 oz (37.5 lbs) of Oustar would be needed for a 120 acre field where herbicide is applied to one-half the area in bands.<\/p>\n (3) There are generics for some of the above listed herbicides and various product labels for the same active ingredient do vary. \u00a0\u00a0Read the product labels to make sure that your intended use is consistent with labeling.<\/p>\n Please read and follow all label recommendations.\u00a0 Inclusion of a product trade name or a company name in this publication does not constitute an endorsement of a product or a company, as other products manufactured by different companies might be equally suited for the intended herbicide use.<\/p>\n HERBICIDES FOR CONTROL OF ANNUAL & PERENNIAL GRASSES ONLY<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n (1) When restoring native grasses concurrently to establishing longleaf pine, be careful not to apply the following \u201cgrass herbicides\u201d in the Warm Season Native Grass (WSNG) planting area after grasses have emerged.<\/p>\n (2) All grass control herbicides listed below are postemergence, foliar active herbicides.<\/p>\n (3) Best control for all grass species is obtained when grasses are in an early growth stage.\u00a0 For Texas panicum, apply when the grass is less than 4 inches tall.\u00a0 For Bermudagrass two applications are usually needed; the first when less than 6 inches tall and a second when re-growth is less than 4 inches.\u00a0 Multiple applications are also needed for Johnsongrass.<\/p>\n (4) Herbicides in this group generally do not mix well with other herbicide products.\u00a0 However, it is very important to add surfactants (wetting agents) to improve plant uptake.\u00a0 See information below and product labels for details.<\/p>\n (5) Herbicide spray solution (water) volumes are typically between 10 to 20 gallons per sprayed acre (GPA) with a range 5-40 GPA; read label for specifics.<\/p>\n (6) Do not apply herbicides when pine seedlings and desirable grasses are under drought or other stress<\/p>\n (7) Do not apply herbicides when rainfall is expected within one hour.<\/p>\n ENVOY\u00ae PLUS<\/strong> (Valent; 12.6% clethodim, 0.97 lb clethodim per gallon, contains petroleum distillates)<\/p>\n \u2666\u00a0\u00a0 Apply 9 to 16 fluid oz per acre for annual grasses, 12 to 32 oz\/acre for perennial grasses<\/p>\n \u2666\u00a0\u00a0 Add crop oil concentrate which contains at least 15% emulsifier at 1% volume\/volume (1 qt per 25 gallons spray solution, but no less than 1 pint per acre) or non-ionic surfactant at 0.25% volume\/volume (1 qt per 100 gallons)<\/p>\n \u2666\u00a0\u00a0 Apply in 10 to 40 gallons of water per acre<\/p>\n \u2666\u00a0\u00a0 Do not apply more than 64 oz\/ac\/ per season, make a minimum 14 day interval between applications, do not apply more than 32 oz\/ac per application<\/p>\n FUSILADE\u00ae DX <\/strong>(Syngenta; 24.5% fluazifop-P-butyl, 2 lb per gallon fluazifop-P-butyl)<\/p>\n \u2666\u00a0\u00a0 Apply 16-24 fluid oz product per acre per application<\/p>\n \u2666\u00a0\u00a0 Use a lower dose for annual grasses, a higher dose for perennial grasses<\/p>\n \u2666\u00a0\u00a0 Add 1% crop oil concentrate (1quart per 25 gal) or 0.25% nonionic surfactant (1 quart per100 gal)<\/p>\n \u2666\u00a0\u00a0 Do not apply more than 72 fluid oz Fusilade DX per acre, per season<\/p>\n ARROW\u00ae 2EC (Makhteshim Agan of North America (MANA); 26.4% clethodim, 2.0 lbs<\/strong><\/p>\n clethodim per gallon, contains petroleum distillates)<\/strong><\/p>\n \u2666\u00a0\u00a0 Apply 6 to 8 fluid oz product per acre for annual grasses and 8 to 16 oz\/acre for perennial grasses<\/p>\n \u2666\u00a0\u00a0 Add crop oil concentrate which contains at least 15% emulsifier at 1% volume\/volume (1 qt per 25 gallons spray solution, but no less than 1 pint per acre) or non-ionic surfactant at 0.25% volume\/volume (1 qt per 100 gallons)<\/p>\n WEED TOLERANCE TO SELECTED HERBICIDES<\/strong><\/p>\n GRASS WEED RESPONSE TO HERBICIDES<\/strong><\/p>\n E=Excellent (>90% control); G=Good(80-89% control); F=Fair(70-79% control); P=Poor(<70%). Citations: Guillebeau, P. (ed). 2005 & 2008. Georgia Pest Mgmt. Handbook. Special Bulletin 28. UGA Coop. Ext. Service. Athens, GA 30602. pp. 112, 156-57, 198-99. a<\/sup>Fluazifop-P-butyl rating based on Fusilade DX trials, b<\/sup>Clethodim ratings based on Select\u00ae and Arrow\u00ae trials.<\/p>\n\n\n
\n Herbicide<\/strong><\/td>\n \u00a0<\/strong>Weeds<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n ARSENAL<\/td>\n sicklepod, tropic croton, blackberry, most legumes<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n ARROW 2EC, \u00a0ENVOY Plus<\/td>\n All broadleaf weeds<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n FUSILADE DX<\/td>\n All broadleaf weeds<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n OUST<\/td>\n bermudagrass, croton, Johnsongrass, trumpetcreeper, broomsedge<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n VELPAR<\/td>\n bermudagrass, broomsedge, cocklebur, Johnsongrass, sicklepod, trumpetcreeper, morningglory<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n \n\n
\n WEED<\/strong><\/td>\n a<\/sup>Fluazifop-P-butyl<\/strong><\/td>\n b<\/sup>Clethodim<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n Perennial Grasses<\/strong>bermudagrass<\/td>\n G – E<\/td>\n G – E<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n Bahiagrass<\/td>\n G<\/td>\n <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n Johnsongrass (rhizome)<\/td>\n E<\/td>\n E<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n tall fescue<\/td>\n F<\/td>\n <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n nutsedge<\/td>\n P<\/td>\n P<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n Annual Grasses<\/strong>broadleaf signalgrass<\/td>\n E<\/td>\n E<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n crowfootgrass<\/td>\n F<\/td>\n G<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n crabgrass<\/td>\n F<\/td>\n G<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n fall panicum<\/td>\n G<\/td>\n G<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n goosegrass<\/td>\n F – G<\/td>\n F – G<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n Johnsongrass (seedling)<\/td>\n G – E<\/td>\n E<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n sandbur<\/td>\n G<\/td>\n G – E<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n Texas panicum<\/td>\n G – E<\/td>\n G<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n